Blood pressure

Blood pressure refers to the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as it circulates through the body. It is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg) and is recorded as two numbers:

* Systolic blood pressure: This is the top number and represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and pumps blood.

* Diastolic blood pressure: This is the bottom number, and represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

Normal blood pressure is typically considered to be around 120/80 mmHg. High blood pressure (hypertension) is defined as having a systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher, or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher.

High blood pressure is a major risk factor for a range of health problems, such as:

* Heart disease: High blood pressure can contribute to the development of heart disease, such as coronary artery disease and heart failure.

* Stroke: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for stroke, which occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted.

* Kidney disease: High blood pressure can damage the kidneys, leading to chronic kidney disease and kidney failure.

Lifestyle changes can help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of these health problems. Strategies for lowering blood pressure include:

* Eating a healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products can help lower blood pressure.

* Reducing sodium intake: Limiting salt and sodium intake can help lower blood pressure.

Exercise regularly: Regular exercise can help lower blood pressure and improve overall health.

* Maintaining a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese can contribute to high blood pressure, and losing weight can help lower blood pressure.

* Reducing alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to high blood pressure, and limiting alcohol intake can help lower blood pressure.

In some cases, medication may also be needed to lower blood pressure. If you are concerned about your blood pressure, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional to develop an appropriate plan for monitoring and managing your blood pressure.



Blood pressure