Slow-wave sleep

Slow-wave sleep (SWS) is a stage of sleep that occurs during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. It is characterised by slow, synchronised brain waves that occur in the frequency range of 0.5–4 Hz.

During SWS, the body undergoes a number of important physiological processes, such as muscle and tissue repair, hormone regulation, and immune function. SWS is also important for memory consolidation, particularly for declarative memory, which involves the conscious recollection of facts and events.

Age, sleep disorders, and medication use are just a few of the variables that can affect SWS quantity and quality. For example, older adults tend to have less SWS than younger adults, which may contribute to age-related memory decline. Sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, can also disrupt SWS and have negative effects on physical and mental health.

Research has suggested that certain lifestyle factors, such as exercise and stress management, may help improve the quality and quantity of SWS. Additionally, some sleep-promoting supplements, such as melatonin, have been shown to increase SWS in some individuals.



Slow-wave sleep